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    • 专利摘要:
    "METHOD INCLUDING COPOLYMERIZING A MONOMER, POLYMER PRODUCED BY THE METHOD, MEMBRANE INCLUDING THE POLYMER, METHOD FOR COATING AN ELECTRODE AND COATED ELECTRODE BY MEANS OF THE METHOD". It is a method comprising: copolymerizing a monomer comprising at least two amide groups, a monomer of formula (a), and a sulfonic acid or salt monomer, where R1 is CH3 or H. A polymer produced by the method is provided. A method of coating an electrode is provided, which comprises: providing an electrode; providing a solution of a free radical initiator, a monomer comprising at least two amide groups, a formula (a) monomer, and a sulfonic acid or salt monomer; wet the electrode with the solution; and heat the wet electrode; whereby the monomer comprising at least two amide groups, the monomer of formula (a), and the sulfonic acid or salt monomer are copolymerized; where R' is CH3 or H. A coated electrode is provided by the method.
    公开号:BR112012001314A2
    申请号:R112012001314-9
    申请日:2009-12-17
    公开日:2021-06-01
    发明作者:Heribert Baldus；Hai Yang；Hui Liu；Lin Chen；Liping Zheng；Su Lu；Wei Cai；Xianguo Yu
    申请人:Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    there! 3 ^ 2 1 © m " > "METHOD COMPRISING COPOLYMERIZING A MONOMER, POLYMER PRODUCED BY THE METHOD, MEMBRANE COMPRISING POLYMER, METHOD FOR COATING AN ELECTRODE AND COATED ELECTRODE BY MEANS OF THE METHOD" Background of the Invention Polymer Ions are useful in many applications, for example, in the production of ion exchange membranes or coatings for 'ion separation processes. The common technique for making ion exchange polymers involves polymerization of a non-diethylenic crosslinking agent. water insoluble ionic eg divinyl benzene with a monomer such as styrene in a non-aqueous solvent such as diethylbenzene The resulting solid polymer eg in sheet or membrane form is balanced or washed several times with a solvent such as ethylene dichloride to remove and replace the diethylbenzene solvent. Where cation change membranes are desired, the membranes are then reacted with a solution of sulfur trioxide and ethylene dichloride to form sulfonate groups which with methanol washing and sodium bicarbonate neutralization produces the strongly basic Ion exchange properties of the polymer.
    The water-insoluble monomers and the polymerization reaction and subsequent
    P 20 reactions performed in non-aqueous solvents face chemical dumping problems with concomitant loss of organic solvents. K Water-soluble polymerizable crosslinking agents in aqueous solvent systems have been developed to overcome the aforementioned problems. Polymer crosslinking occurs via a condensation reaction between two monomers and occurs simultaneously with polymerization, so diethylenic monomers are not required. At the same time, the waste of petroleum-derived solvents and the problem of their disposal are eliminated.
    I g * 2 - - * However, most of the water-soluble crosslinking agents available today are expensive and not ecological. In the meantime, some applications, eg supercapacitor electrodes, prefer polymers that have low strength, low swelling ratio and good coating morphology and that can be coated to decrease energy consumption and increase actuation efficiency! of the electrodes.
    Therefore, it would be desirable to have a method for producing a low swelling ratio polymer from water-soluble, inexpensive and environmentally friendly materials and a method for coating an electrode with polymer 10 to reduce resistance and increase current efficiency of the electrode.
    > Brief Description of the Invention In accordance with the embodiments described in this invention, a method is provided, which comprises: copolymerizing a monomer comprising at least two amide groups, a monomer of formula (a)
    The H,C—H,INHCH,OH R1 15 is a sulfonic acid or salt monomer, where R' is CH3 or H.
    In accordance with the embodiments described herein, a polymer produced by the above method and a membrane comprising the polymer are also provided.
    In accordance with the embodiments described in this invention, a 20 ! method for coating an electrode is provided, which comprises: providing a ! electrode; provide a solution of a free radical initiator, a monomer ! comprising at least two amide groups, a monomer of formula (a)
    O Fkc—j: i=NHcH3oH ar ~ R1 I'
    I if" ! $' 3 3 4 is a sulfonic acid or salt monomer; wet the electrode with the solution; and heat the wet electrode; through which the monomer comprising at least two amide groups, the monomer of the formula (a ), and the sulfonic acid or salt monomer are copolymerized, wherein R1 is CH3 or 5H. According to the embodiments described in this invention, an electrode coated by the above method is provided.
    Detailed Description of the Invention In approximate language, as used in this invention in the specification and claims, it can be applied to modify any quantitative representation that could vary permissibly without resulting in a change in the basic function to which it is related. Therefore, a value modified by a term or terms, such as "about" or "substantially", should not be limited to the precise value specified. In some instances, the approximate language can match the accuracy of an instrument to measure the value.
    In accordance with the embodiments described in this invention, a method is provided, which comprises: copolymerizing a monomer comprising at least two amide groups, a monomer of formula (a)
    O H,c—jÁNHcH,oH
    RJ 20 , and a sulfonic acid or salt monomer, where R' is CH3 or H.
    In another aspect, a polymer produced by the method and a membrane comprising the polymer are provided.
    In accordance with the embodiments described in this invention, a method for coating an electrode is provided, comprising: providing an electrode; provide a solution of a free radical initiator, a monomer at K-4 g ·E- · Fk comprising at least two amide groups, a monomer of formula (a)
    H,C—I CNHCH,OH R1 is a sulfonic acid or salt monomer; wet the electrode with the solution; and heat the wet electrode; whereby the monomer comprising at least two amide groups, the monomer of formula (a), and the sulfonic acid or salt monomer are copolymerized; where R1 is CH3 or H.
    In accordance with the embodiments described in this invention, an electrode coated by the above method is provided.
    Suitable monomer units of formula (a) are, for example, water-soluble, ethylenically unsaturated compounds which can be polymerized by free radicals and contain N-methylol groups (-NH-CH2OH) or etherified derivatives thereof (-NH -CH2OR, where R = C1-C6 alkyl.
    Preferred monomer units are N-methylo[acrylamide (N-(hydroxymethyl)acrylamide, NMA), N-methylolmethacrylamide (NMMA), N-15 (isobutoxymethyl)-acrylamide (IBMA), N-(isobutoxymethyl) -methacrylamide and N-(n-butoxymethyl)-acrylamide (NBMA). Particularly preferred monomer units are N-methylolacrylamide and N-(isobutoxymethyl)-acrylamide. In some embodiments, the sulfonic acid or salt monomer is of formula (b):
    The H2C7" " """ C_x—Y—SO3H R2 20 wherein R'is CH3orH;XisNHorOeYisa|qui|a.Su[honic acidor salt monomers are, for example, water-soluble compounds
    T" ,, ^ 5 n 'í <.' ethylenically unsaturated which can be free radical polymerized and I contain sulfonic acid or sulfonate groups -SO3M where M=H or an alkali metal, ammonium or alkaline earth metal ion Preferred monomer units are 2-acrylamido acid -2-methylpropane sulfonic, styrene sulfonic acid, sulfoalkyl (meth)-acrylates, sulfoalkyl itaconates, preferably in each case with a C 1 to C 6 alkyl radical, and vinylsulfonic acid and ammonium, alkali metal or alkali metal salts Particularly preferred monomer units are 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, p-styrene sulfonic acid, sulfopropyl acrylate, sulfopropyl itaconate and vinylsulfonic acid, and sodium, ammonium salts of potassium and calcium thereof. As used in this invention, the term "alkyl" refers to a saturated hydrocarbon radical. Examples of suitable alkyl groups include n-butyl, n-Denti, n. -heptyl, iso-butyl, t-butyl, and iso-pentyl.
    In some embodiments, the monomer comprising at least two amide groups is selected from carbonyldiamine and a compound of form (C)
    wherein R1 is NH, aliphatic radical or ether moiety.
    As used in this invention, the term "aliphatic radical" refers to an organic radical that has a valence of at least one consisting of a linear or branched array of atoms that is not cyclic. Aliphatic radicals are defined as comprising at least one carbon atom. The arrangement of atoms comprising the aliphatic radical may include heteroatoms such as nitrogen, sulfur, silicon, selenium and oxygen or may be composed exclusively of carbon and hydrogen. For convenience, the term "radical V -
    aliphatic" is defined herein as encompassing, as part of the organic radicals of "linear or branched arrangement of atoms which is not cyclic"
    substituted with a wide range of functional groups such as alkyl groups,
    alkenyl groups, alkynyl groups, haloalkyl groups, conjugated groups
    5 dienyl groups, alcohol groups, ether groups, aldehyde groups, ketone groups, carboxylic acid groups, acyl groups (for example, carboxylic acid derivatives such as esters and amides), amine groups, nitro groups, and the like.
    For example, the 4-methylpent-1-yl radical is a C6 aliphatic radical which comprises a methyl group, the methyl group being a functional group which is an alkyl group.
    In
    Similarly, the 4-nitrobut-1-yl group is a C4 aliphatic radical which comprises a nitro group, the nitro group being a functional group.
    An aliphatic radical may be a ha|oa|qui|a group comprising one or more halogen atoms which may be the same or different.
    Halogen atoms include, for example; fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.
    The aliphatic radicals that understand
    One or more halogen atoms include the alkyl halides trifluoromethyl, bromodifluoromethyl, chlorodifluoromethyl, hexafluoroisopropylidene, chloromethyl, difluorovinylidene, trichloromethyl, bromodichloromethyl, bromoethyl, 2-bromotrimethylene (for example -CH2CHBrCH2-), and the like.
    Other examples of aliphatic radicals include allyl, aminocarbonyl (ie -CONH2), carbonyl, 2,2-
    20 dicyanisopropylidene (i.e. -CH2C(CN)2CH2-), methyl (i.e. -CH3), methylene (i.e. -CH2-), ethyl, ethylene, formiia (i.e. -CHO), hexyl, hexamethylene, hydroxymethyl (i.e. -CH2OH), mercaptomethyl; (ie -CH2SH),
    methylthio (ie -SCH3), methylthiomethyl (ie -CH2SCH3), methoxy,
    methoxycarbonyl (ie CH3OCO-), nitromethyl (ie -CH2NO2), thiocarbonyl,
    25 trimethylsilyl (i.e., (CH3)3Si-), t-butyl|dimethylsi|i|, 3-trimethoxysilyl (i.e., (CH3O)3SiCH2CH2CH2-), vinyl, vinylidene, and the like.
    By way of further example, a C1-C10 aliphatic radical contains at least one, but no more than 10 carbon atoms.
    A methyl group (ie CHx) is an example of
    § " %· ¶* is a Cj aliphatic radical. A decyl group (i.e., CH3(CH2)9-) is an example of a C10 aliphatic radical. As used in this invention, the term "ether moiety" refers to a moiety of substituted or unsubstituted alkylene bonded to an oxygen, and 5 generally corresponds to the formula -C(R')2-C(R')2-O- where R' is separately at each occurrence of hydrogen, halogen, a group nitro, a cyano group, a Ck20 hydrocarbyl group or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group substituted with one or more of the following: a halo, cyano, nitro, thioalkyl, tert amino, alkoxy, aryloxy, aralkoxy, carbonyldioxyalkyl, carbonyldioxyaryl, carbonyl group dioxyaralkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, aralkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, aralkylcarbonyl, alkylphenyl, arylsulfinyl, aralkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, or aralkylsulfonyl. ' is hydrogen or alkyl.
    In some embodiments, the monomer comprising at least two amide groups is selected from biuret and succinamide. Herein water soluble is generally meant that the solubility in water at 23°C is at least 10% by weight. The preparation of the copolymers according to the invention is preferably carried out by free radical polymerization in aqueous solution at a reaction temperature preferably from 40°C to 80°C. Polymerization can be carried out by initially introducing all or individual constituents of the reaction mixture into the reaction vessel, or by initially introducing portions of the components and covering the constituents or individual constituents of the reaction mixture. Initiation is carried out by means of the customary water soluble agents which form free radicals, which are preferably employed in amounts of 0.01 to 3.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the monomers. Examples thereof are ammonium and potassium persulfate, 2,2'-(azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride), hydrogen peroxide, and potassium, sodium and ammonium peroxodiphosphate. If appropriate, the free radical initiators mentioned are also combined in a known manner with 0.01 to 1.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the monomers, of reducing agents, it being possible for the polymerization to be carried out at temperatures lowest best case. For example, alkali metal formaldehyde sulfoxylates and ascorbic acid are suitable.
    The following examples are included to provide additional guidance to those skilled in the art to practice the claimed invention. Therefore, these examples do not limit the invention as defined in the appended claims. Preparation of monomer SOLUTION: 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid (20 g, obtained 15 from Sigma-Aldrich®), 28 g N-(hydroxymethyl) acrylamide and 8.3 g of urea ( carbonyldiamine) were mixed together with 44 g deionized water under strong stirring. After the monomers dissolved, 1 g of 2,2'-(azobis(2-methylpropionamidine)) dihydrochloride was added to the solution and the solution was stirred until the 2,2'-(azobis(2-methylpropionamidine)) dihydrochloride was dissolved.
    20 2,2'-(azobis(2-methylpropionamidine)) dihydrochloride was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich®. N-(hydroxymethyl)acrylamide and urea were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co, Ltd., Shanghai, China.
    Electrode Dressing: A carbon electrode (16 cm * 32 cm * 1.0 mm) prepared by pressing a sheet of active carbon calendered into a Ti mesh and compressed between two pieces of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films ) (16 cm * 32 cm) was sealed in a thermoplastic bag while 3 small openings (10 mm in diameter) were left open in the thermoplastic bag. The solution " _—. M
    P = - =-_ .- " === - "-= · "¥" m=="» ·-—— —— - — —— —— - => b
    S * r 9 g + prepared was added to the thermoplastic bag through the openings. The entire thermoplastic bag was then compressed between two pieces of glass plates (24 cm * 40 cm) with a U-type rubber gasket (17 cm * 34 cm) located between the thermoplastic bag and the glass plates to ensure that the entire 5 electrode surface was immersed in the solution. The set was placed in a vacuum cabinet and degassed for 6 minutes to accelerate the wetting of the solution on the electrode. After that, the assembly was removed from the vacuum cabin and the U-type gasket was undone. Excess solution was extruded from the thermoplastic ball and clamps were used to secure the two glass plates together. Place the new set in an oven at 80°C for 2.5 hours. After the new assembly was cooled, the coated electrode was removed and its thickness was measured to be 1.1 mm compared to 1.0 mm for the plain, uncoated electrode. Some samples of dry polymer 15 were taken from the thermoplastic bag to test the swell ratio and -SOi density of the polymer. The current resistance and efficiency of the electrode were tested in an assembled cell.
    Swelling Ratio The dry polymer sample (0.327 µg) was placed in a small bottle and 1.129 g of distilled water was added to the bottle. After 24 hours, the swollen sample was tested with low-field NMR. Two types of proton signals appeared in the low-field NMR spectra. One is for adsorbed water (swelling water) and the other is for free water. The free water signal had a linear relationship with the proton intensity of free water, ie, by changing the total amount of water in the water-saturated polymer sample, corresponding variation of the free water signal intensity was taken. Therefore, a free water quantity regression function with free water proton intensity was obtained. the amount of water
    3 t N 10 · free was calculated from the proton intensity of free water through the !l regression function as it is 0.669 g. The amount of adsorbed water was calculated as follows: Adsorbed water = Total water - Free water = 1.129 g - 0.669 g = 0.46 g. Swelling ratio (weight) = (adsorbed water/dry polymer 5)*1 00%=0.46/0.327*1 00°/)=140°/). Density DE -SO3' The dried polymer (1.32 g) was soaked in HCl solution (200 ml, 1 N) for 24 hours. The soaked polymer was rinsed with deionized water until the filtrate became neutral. Then they placed the polymer in 10 NaCl solution (100 ml, 1 N) to equilibrate it for 24 hours. 10 ml of the balanced solution was taken and the 10 ml of the balanced solution was titrated with NaOH solution (0.01 N). Density of -SO;f = AVNaOH * 0.01 N * 10 / dry polymer = (23.5 * 0.01 * 10) / 1.32 = 1.78 Millimoles per gram of dry polymer.
    Resistance 15 The coated electrode was assembled with a bare carbon counter electrode as a polymer flow spacer (size: 16 cm * 24 cm, thickness: 0.7 mm), which was prepared by hot pressing a polymer mesh into an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) polymer film to form a flow channel was compressed between the two electrodes to test the resistance of the same at 1600 ppm of NaCl solution. The Land Battery Tester CT2001B and CT2001D from Wuhan Jinnuo Electronics Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China was used for the test and the charging current was 1250 mA.
    The resistance of the coated electrode was calculated as follows: Resistance = cell resistance - solution resistance - counter electrode resistance. Cell resistance was obtained using the Land Battery Tester CT2001B and CT2001D (Cell resistance = AVoltage/current = 0.125/1.25 = 0.10 Ohm). The solution resistance was calculated using the solution conductivity (resistance and solution = 1 / conductivity*thickness
    ["'and"b Ú «
    F + . 11 l 2, -= = 1/3.2*0.07 = 0.02 Ohm). Counter electrode resistance was pretested on two identical plain carbon electrode cells using the same test method as the coated electrode where cell resistance = 0.12 Ohm and solution resistance was 0.02 Ohm. Counter electrode resistance 5 = (0.12-0.02)/2 = 0.05 Ohm. Hence, the coated electrode resistance = 0.10-0.02-0.05 = 0.03 Ohm.
    For a comparative study, a traditional lX modified membrane carbon electrode in which a piece of lX membrane (CR-67, GE Water & Process Technologies, Watercown, MA, US) was attached to a smooth carbon electrode, was assembled. with a plain carbon electrode while a polymer flux spacer (size: 16 cm * 24 cm, thickness: 0.7 mm) was compressed between the two electrodes to test the resistance of the same in 1600 ppm NaCl solution. The Land Battery Tester CT2001B and CT2001D was used and the charging current was 1250 mA.
    15 Modified membrane carbon electrode resistance lX = cell resistance - solution resistance - counter electrode resistance. Cell Resistance = AVoltage/Current = 0.24/1.25 = 0.19 Ohm.
    Solution resistance = 1 /conductivity*thickness = 1/3.2*0.07 = 0.02 Ohm. Counter electrode resistance = (0.12-0.02)/2 = 0.05 Ohm. Hence, resistance 20 of modified membrane carbon electrode lX = 0.19-0.02-0.05=0.12 Ohm. The resistance of the coated electrode was 15.36 Ohm * cm2 (0.03 Ohm * 512 cm') compared to 61.44 ohm * cm2 (0.12 * 500 cm2) of the 1X modified membrane carbon electrode.
    25 Current Efficiency Current efficiency was also tested in a two-electrode cell at 1600 ppm NaCl. The current efficiency = (Mole of salt removed * 96,500 coulombs/mole) / (coulombs of total charges used). The mole of salt removed was obtained by calculating the change in solution conductivity from solution fed to dilute solution to be 4.4 mmol. The total loads used were read through the battery tester Land CT2001B and CT2001D for being 450 coulombs. Hence, current efficiency 5 = (Mole salt removed* 96,500 coulombs/mole) / (total charge coulombs used) = (4.4 * 96,500 * 0.001 / 450) * 100% = 94.4%. The embodiments described in this invention are examples of compositions, structures, systems, and methods that have elements corresponding to the elements of the invention cited in the claims. This written description may enable those skilled in the art to produce and use embodiments that have alternative elements that also correspond to the elements of the invention recited in the claims. The scope of the invention therefore includes compositions, structures, systems and methods which do not differ from the literal language of the claims, and further includes 15 other structures, systems and methods with negligible differences from the literal language of the claims. While only certain features and embodiments have been illustrated and described in this invention, many modifications and alterations may occur to the person skilled in the relevant art. The appended claims cover all such modifications and 20 amendments. L-
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [1]
    1. METHOD COMPRISING COPOLYMERIZING A "" MONOMER, comprising at least two amide groups, a monomer of the formula (a) "O" ll ti,ci {"NHal,oH" Rl 5 , and a sulfonic acid or salt monomer , where R1 is CH3 or H.
    [2]
    2. METHOD, according to claim 1, in which the sulfonic acid or salt monomer is of the formula (b):
    The H3C—C~_C—X—Y_SO3H & R2 where R' is CH3 or H;X isNH or OeY isa|qui|a.
    10
    [3]
    3. METHOD according to claim 2, wherein the sulfonic acid or salt monomer is 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid.
    [4]
    4. METHOD according to claim 1, wherein the sulfonic acid or sa monomer is 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, sulfoalkyl (meth)-acrylates, sulfoalkyl itaconates, with a C1 to C6 alkyl radical, or vinylsulfonic acid and ammonium salts, alkali metal or of alkaline earth metal from them.
    [5]
    5. METHOD according to claim 1, wherein the sulfonic acid or salt monomer is 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, p-styrene sulfonic acid, sulfopropyl acrylate, sulfopropyl itaconate or vinylsulfonic acid and ammonium, sodium, potassium and calcium salts thereof.
    Zy. . * -. + D "
    [6]
    The method of claim 1, wherein the monomer of formula (a) is N-methylolacrylamide (N'hydroxymethyl)acrylamide, NMA), N-methylolmethacrylamide (NMMA), N-(isobutoxymethyl)-acrylamide (IBMA) , N-(isobutoxymethyl)-methacrylamide or N-(n-butoxymethyl)-acrylamide (NBMA).
    5
    [7]
    The METHOD of claim 1, wherein the monomer comprising at least two amide groups is selected from carbonyldiamine and a compound of formula (c)
    O O H2NAR3ANH2 where R3 is NH, aliphatic radical or ether moiety.
    [8]
    8. The method of claim 1, wherein the monomer comprising at least two amide groups is selected from biuret and succinamide.
    [9]
    The METHOD of claim 1, which further comprises copolymerization in the presence of a free radical initiator.
    [10]
    10. The METHOD according to claim 9, wherein the free radical initiator comprises ammonium or potassium persulfate, 2,2'-(azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride, hydrogen peroxide, or potassium peroxodiphosphate , sodium or ammonium.
    [11]
    11. POLYMER PRODUCED BY THE METHOD, as defined in claim 1.
    [12]
    12. MEMBRANE COMPRISING THE POLYMER, as defined in claim 11.
    [13]
    13. METHOD FOR COATING AN ELECTRODE, which comprises: 25 providing an electrode;
    -"wm~f; -+"T3bm"Wm" e'W ©à € provide a solution of a free radical initiator, a monomer comprising at least two amide groups, a monomer of the formula (a) oh ,c~c Cnhch7oh&P r! and a sulfonic acid or salt monomer; 5 wet the electrode with the solution; and heat the wet electrode; so that the monomer comprising at least two amide groups, the monomer of formula (a), and the sulfonic acid or salt monomer are copolymerized; 10 where R1 is CH3 or H.
    [14]
    14. The METHOD according to claim 13, in which the sulfonic acid or salt monomer is of the formula (b): "the H,CI .m C|—x—y—s'o3h r2 where R' is CH3 or H; X is NH or O and Y is alkyl .
    [15]
    15 15. The METHOD according to claim 14, wherein the sulfonic acid or salt monomer is 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid.
    [16]
    16. The METHOD according to claim 13, wherein the sulfonic acid or salt monomer is p-styrene sulfonic acid.
    [17]
    17. The METHOD according to claim 13, wherein the monomer of formula (a) is N-(hydroxymethyl)acrylamide.
    [18]
    18. METHOD according to claim 13, wherein the
    W 4.
    : 4 " ' 'Ü.
    Y à 4 , " m m "" - 3'"~. , '"Í* and .G-''[ free radical initiator is 2,2'-(azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride, "Z,' §, -,. ,. . persulfate of ammonium, or potassium persulfate. 3b
    [19]
    The method of claim 13, wherein the monomer comprising at least two amide groups is carbonyldiamine.
    5
    [20]
    20. ELECTRODE COATED THROUGH THE METHOD, as defined in claim 13.
    ) ) 6
    1 '
    Summary S
    "METHOD INCLUDING COPOLYMERIZING A MONOMER, POLYMER PRODUCED BY THE METHOD, MEMBRANE INCLUDING POLYMER, METHOD FOR COATING AN ELECTRODE
    AND COATED ELECTRODE THROUGH THE METHOD" This is a method comprising: copolymerizing a monomer comprising at least two amide groups, a monomer of formula (a), and a sulfonic acid or salt monomer, where R1 is CH3 or H.
    A polymer produced by the method is provided.
    A method of coating an electrode is provided, which comprises: providing an electrode; providing a solution of a free radical initiator, a monomer comprising at least two amide groups, a formula (a) monomer, and a sulfonic acid or salt monomer; wet the electrode with the solution; and heat the wet electrode; whereby the monomer comprising at least two amide groups, the monomer of formula (a), and the sulfonic acid or salt monomer are copolymerized; where R' is CH3 or H.
    A coated electrode is provided by the method.
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    法律状态:
    2021-06-22| B25D| Requested change of name of applicant approved|Owner name: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS N.V. (NL) |
    2021-06-29| B25G| Requested change of headquarter approved|Owner name: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS N.V. (NL) |
    2021-07-06| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-10-19| B11B| Dismissal acc. art. 36, par 1 of ipl - no reply within 90 days to fullfil the necessary requirements|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP09166078|2009-07-22|
    EP09166078.7|2009-07-22|
    PCT/IB2009/055810|WO2011010191A1|2009-07-22|2009-12-17|Fall detectors and a method of detecting falls|
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